Sources from Episode 156

  1. “Antiques Roadshow expert drinks urine after mistaking it for 150-year-old port,” Mirror, December 2019, https://www.mirror.co.uk/tv/tv-news/antiques-roadshow-expert-tastes-150-21183529.

  2. Alan W. Smith, “In Memoriam: Eric Maple, 1916–1944,” Folklore 106 (1995), p. 87.

  3. Peter C. Brown, Essex Witches (Stroud, UK: The History Press 2014).

  4. Eric Maple, “The Witches of Canewdon,” Folklore 71.4 (Dec 1960), pp. 241–250.

  5. Michael Howard, Modern Wicca: A History from Gerald Gardner to the Present (Woodbury, MN: Llewellyn Publications, 2009).

  6. Matthew Hopkins, The Discovery of Witches (London: R. Royston 1647).

  7. Robert Ellison, “England’s Royleigh Forgotten Country Town of Rich Legends,” The News and Observer (Raleigh, NC), 20 May 1934, p. 2.

  8. Malcolm Gaskill, Witchfinders: A Seventeenth-Century English Tragedy (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005).

  9. Eric Maple, “Witchcraft and Magic in the Rochford Hundred,” Folklore 76.3 (Autumn 1965).

  10. Ronald Hutton, “Writing the History of Witchcraft: A Personal View,” The Pomegranate 12.2 (2010), pp. 238–262, https://journals.equinoxpub.com/index.php/POM/article/view/10684.

  11. James Sharpe, Witchcraft in Early Modern England (Taylor & Francis, 2014).

  12. Emma Wilby, “The Witch’s Familiar and the Fairy in Early Modern England and Scotland,” Folklore 111.2 (October 2000), pp. 283–305.

  13. Sylvia Kent, Folklore of Essex (Stroud, UK: The History Press 2005).

  14. Nigel Pennick, Witchcraft and Secret Societies of Rural England: The Magic of Toadmen, Plough Witches, Mummers, and Bonesmen (Rochester, VT: Destiny Books 2019).

  15. Lugh, Old George Pickingill and the Roots of Modern Witchcraft (Taray Publications 1984).

  16. Ronald Hutton, The Triumph of the Moon: A History of Modern Pagan Witchcraft (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press 2019).

  17. Caroline Tully, “Interview with Professor Ronald Hutton of the University of Bristol, United Kingdom,” Necropolis Now, May 2011, necropolisnow.blogspot.com/2011/05/interview-with-professor-ronald-hutton.html.

  18. Ralph Merrifield, “Witch Bottles and Magical Jugs,” Folklore 66.1 (March 1955), pp. 195–207.

  19. M. J. Becker, “An American Witch Bottle,” Archaeology 33.2 (March/April 1980), pp. 18–23.

  20. James W. Baker, “White Witches: Historic Fact and Romantic Fantasy,” Magical Religion and Modern Witchcraft edited by James R. Lewis (Albany, NY: SUNY Press 1996).

  21. Eric Maple, “Cunning Murrell: A Study of a Nineteenth-Century Cunning Man in Hadleigh, Essex,” Folklore 71.1 (March 1960), pp. 37–43.

  22. “An American Witch Bottle,” Archaeology, 2009, https://archive.archaeology.org/online/features/halloween/witch_bottle.html.

Sources from Episode 155

  1. “Ancient skulls that mirror ours are part of a handful of archaeological findings that rewrite human history,” Business Insider, August 2017, https://www.businessinsider.com/archaeology-findings-human-history-evolution-2017-8.

  2. “12 'Real' Werewolf Cases Throughout History,” HistoryCollection.co, May 2018, https://historycollection.co/12-real-werewolf-cases-throughout-history/10.

  3. D.L. Ashliman, “Werewolf Legends from Germany,” University of Pittsburgh, date unknown, https://www.pitt.edu/~dash/werewolf.html.

  4. Willem De Blécourt, “The Werewolf, the Witch, and the Warlock: Aspects of Gender in the Early Modern Period,” Witchcraft and Masculinities in Early Modern Europe, 2009, 191–213.

  5. Willem De Blécourt, “The Werewolf, the Malevolent Witch, and the Warlock,” Atmostfear Entertainment, October 2019, https://www.atmostfear-entertainment.com/opinions/spirituality/werewolf-witch-warlock.

  6. Jane P. Davidson and Bob Canino, “Wolves, Witches, and Werewolves: Lycanthropy and Witchcraft from 1423 to 1700,” Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts, vol. 2, no. 4 (8), 1990, pp. 47–73.

  7. Gilderoy Lockhart, Wanderings with Werewolves (n.p.).

  8. Willem De Blécourt, “‘I Would Have Eaten You Too’: Werewolf Legends in the Flemish, Dutch and German Area.” Folklore, vol. 118, no. 1, 2007, pp. 23–43.

  9. Stefan Donecker, “The Werewolves of Livonia:” Preternature: Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural 1, no. 2 (2012): 289–322.

  10. “Werewolf Legends.” History.com, August 2017, https://www.history.com/topics/folklore/history-of-the-werewolf-legend.

  11. Rolf Schulte, Man as Witch: Male Witches in Central Europe (Palgrave Macmillan, 2009).

  12. Willem de Blécourt, “Monstrous Theories: Werewolves and the Abuse of History,” Preternature: Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural, vol. 2, no. 2, 2013, pp. 188–212.

Sources from Episode 154

  1. Jonathan Carr, Mahler: A Biography (Woodstock: Overlook Press, 1998).

  2. Melissa Chan, “Why Friday the 13th Is a Real Nightmare for Some People,” Time, October 13, 2017. https://time.com/4979595/friday-the-13th-triskaidekaphobia.

  3. Cara Giaimo, “The 1880s Supper Club That Loved Bad Luck,” Atlas Obscura, April 25, 2017, https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/thirteen-club-superstition-new-york.

  4. Ethan Haimo, Schoenberg’s Serial Odyssey: The Evolution of His Twelve-Tone Method, 1914-1928 (Oxford: Clarendon, 1990).

  5. Brian Handwerk, “Friday the 13th Is Back. Here's Why It Scares Us,” National Geographic, April 12, 2018, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2017/10/what-is-friday-13th-superstition-facts-science.

  6. Norman Lebrecht, The Book of Musical Anecdotes (New York: Free Press, 1985).

  7. Malcolm MacDonald, Schoenberg (London: J. M. Dent & Sons, Ltd., 1976).

  8. Deborah Jane Murrell, Ray Burrows, and Corinne Burrows, Superstitions: 1,013 of the Wackiest Myths, Fables & Old Wives Tales (Pleasantville: Readers Digest, 2008).

  9. Dika Newlin, Bruckner, Mahler, Schoenberg (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1978).

  10. Jeffrey K. Olick, In the House of the Hangman: The Agonies of German Defeat, 1943-1949 (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2013).

  11. Chris Opfer, “Does Your Body Really Replace Itself Every Seven Years?” How Stuff Works, June 6, 2014, https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/does-body-really-replace-seven-years.htm.

  12. Charles Panati, Extraordinary Origins of Everyday Things (New York, NY: Harper & Row, 1987).

  13. Warren Perry, “National Portrait Gallery Blog,” National Portrait Gallery Blog (blog). Smithsonian Institute. Accessed May 1, 2020, https://npg.si.edu/blog/fears-fearless-fdr-president’s-superstitions-friday-13th.

  14. Georg Predota, “Why Arnold Schoenberg Was Terrified of the Number 13,” Interludes, May 9, 2014, https://interlude.hk/friday-the-13tharnold-schoenberg-and-triskaidekaphobia.

  15. Chloe Rhodes, Black Cats and Evil Eyes: A Book of Old-Fashioned Superstitions (London: Michael O’Mara Books Limited, 2015).

  16. Aja Romano, “Friday the 13th Isn't Unlucky. It's a Meme Disguised as Superstition,” Vox, October 13, 2017, https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/10/13/16465896/friday-the-13th-origin-history.

  17. Sadie Stein, “Morituri Te Salutamus,” The Paris Review, March 13, 2015, https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2015/03/13/morituri-te-salutamus.

  18. Hans Heinz Stuckenschmidt, Schoenberg: His Life, World, and Work (New York: Schirmer Books, 1977).

Sources from Episode 153

  1. “Fort McHenry,” Battlefields, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/war-1812/battles/fort-mchenry.

  2. “Oh, say, can you see ghosts at fort? Walking war dead spotted throughout the year, some say,” Baltimore Sun, October 31, 1996, https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1996-10-31-1996305005-story.html.

  3. “Haunted stories abound at Fort McHenry,” WBALTV, October 30, 2015, https://www.wbaltv.com/article/haunted-stories-abound-at-fort-mchenry/7096860.

  4. “The Story Behind This Haunted Fort In Maryland Is Truly Creepy,” Only in Your State, September 21, 2016, https://www.onlyinyourstate.com/maryland/haunted-fort-md.

  5. “Battle of Baltimore,” The Dead History, https://www.thedeadhistory.com/fort-mchenry.

  6. “When World War I and the Spanish flu turned Fort McHenry into one of the country's largest hospitals,” The Baltimore Sun, September 20, 2018, https://www.baltimoresun.com/features/retro-baltimore/bs-retro-baltimore-mchenry-1918-story.html.

  7. “Baltimore’s Haunted Fort McHenry,” Seeks Ghosts, https://seeksghosts.blogspot.com/2013/12/baltimores-haunted-fort-mchenry.html.

  8. “Spotlight on Ghosts: Fort McHenry,” America’s Haunted Roadtrip, http://americashauntedroadtrip.com/tag/fort-mchenry.

  9. Ed Okonowicz, Haunted Maryland: Ghosts and Strange Phenomena of the Old Line State (Rowman & Littlefield, Jul., 1, 2020), p. 64.

  10. “…the Heav’n rescued land…”—Fort McHenry, Baltimore, Maryland,” Southern Spirits, November 27, 2011, http://www.southernspiritguide.org/the-heavn-rescued-land-fort-mchenry-baltimore-maryland.

  11. “The American Influenza Epidemic of 1918-1919: Baltimore, Maryland,” Influenza Encyclopedia, https://www.influenzaarchive.org/cities/city-baltimore.html.

  12. Anne Van Ness Merriam, The Ghosts of Hampton (The Grangerie and Gift Shop Committee of Historic Hampton, 1985).

  13. John Martin Hammond, Colonial Mansions of Maryland and Delaware (J.B. Lippincott, 1914), pp. 131-137.

  14. “The (Still) Mysterious Death of Edgar Allan Poe,” Smithsonian Magazine, October 7, 2014. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/still-mysterious-death-edgar-allan-poe-180952936.

  15. “13 Haunting Facts About Edgar Allan Poe’s Death,” Biography, October 28, 2019, https://www.biography.com/news/edgar-allan-poe-death-facts.

  16. “Who Was the Poe Toaster? We Still Have No Idea,” Smithsonian Magazine, January 19, 2017, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/who-was-poe-toaster-we-still-have-no-idea-180961820.

  17. “Edgar Allan Poe’s poem ‘The Raven’ was rejected by one magazine, it was eventually sold for $9,” The Vintage News, October 28, 2016, https://www.thevintagenews.com/2016/10/28/priority-edgar-allan-poes-poem-raven-rejected-one-magazine-eventually-sold-9.

Sources from Episode 152

  1. John Q. Anderson, “The Legend of the Phantom Coach in East Texas,” Western Folklore, vol. 22, no. 4, (1963), pp. 259–262.

  2. M. M. Banks, “The Wild Hunt?” Folklore, vol. 55, no. 1, 1944, pp. 42–42.

  3. Ellen Castelow, “The Green Man,” Historic UK, www.historic-uk.com/CultureUK/The-Green-Man.

  4. Steve T. Evans, “British Legends: Wild Edric, the Wild Hunt and the Bride from the Otherworld,” FolkloreThursday, 25 Sept. 2019, folklorethursday.com/legends/british-legends-wild-edric-the-wild-hunt-and-the-bride-from-the-otherworld.

  5. Essie Fox, “A Story for Halloween—Herne the Hunter in Windsor,” The Virtual Victorian, 18 Oct. 2016, virtualvictorian.blogspot.com/2013/10/a-ghoulish-story-for-halloween.html.

  6. Geller, “The Wild Hunt: European Folk Myth,” Mythology.net, 14 Jan. 2017, mythology.net/norse/norse-concepts/the-wild-hunt.

  7. Brian Haughton and Daniele Serra, Lore of the Ghost: the Origins of the Most Famous Ghost Stories throughout the World (New Page Books, 2009).

  8. Susan Hilary Houston, “Ghost Riders in the Sky,” Western Folklore, vol. 23, no. 3, 1964, pp. 153–162.

  9. R. E. Hutton, “The Wild Hunt and the Witches' Sabbath”, Folklore, vol. 125, no. 2, (2014), 161-178.

  10. Natasha Ishak, “'The Legend Of Sleepy Hollow' Was Inspired By A Plague And An Actual Headless Soldier,” All That's Interesting, 21 Oct. 2019, allthatsinteresting.com/sleepy-hollow-legend.

  11. Lesley Kennedy, “What Inspired 'The Legend of Sleepy Hollow'?” History.com, 10 Oct. 2019, www.history.com/news/legend-sleepy-hollow-headless-horseman.

  12. Richard Kiln, “The True History Behind ‘The Legend of Sleepy Hollow,’” Westchester Magazine, 25 Jan. 2020, westchestermagazine.com/publications/the-true-history-behind-the-legend-of-sleepy-hollow.

  13. Mark Latham, Hunting the Headless Horseman (Rosen Young Adult Publishing Group, Inc., 2017).

  14. Claude Lecouteux, Phantom Armies of the Night: the Wild Hunt and Ghostly Processions of the Undead (Inner Traditions, 2011).

  15. Medieval Folklore: An Encyclopedia of Myths, Legends, Tales, Beliefs, and Customs, ed, Carl Lindahl, John McNamara, John Lindow (Oxford University Press, 2002), p. 190.

  16. Nigel, “Herne the Hunter,” Real Life Ghost Stories, 10 Jan. 2019, reallifeghoststories.com/index.php/2018/09/08/herne-the-hunter.

  17. Alan Ridenour, The Krampus and the Old, Dark Christmas: Roots and Rebirth of the Folkloric Devil (Feral House, 2016).

  18. Jacqueline Smith, “New-York Historical Society,” History Detectives, 19 Oct. 2017, historydetectives.nyhistory.org/2013/10/halloween-history-the-legend-of-sleepy-hollow.

  19. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, “Battle of White Plains,” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc,, 21 Oct. 2019, www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-White-Plains.

  20. Theo Brown, “The Black Dog,” Folklore vol. 69, no. 3 (1958), pp. 175–192.

  21. “The Wild Hunt,” The Wild Hunt - Folklore and Legend - Tales by Cassandra Eason, www.cassandraeason.com/folklore_legend/the-wild-hunt.htm.

  22. Jennifer Westwood, Albion: a Guide to Legendary Britain (Granada Publishing, 1985).

  23. Patti Wigington, “Britain's Herne, God of the Wild Hunt,” Learn Religions, 22 Apr. 2018, www.learnreligions.com/herne-god-of-the-wild-hunt-2561965.

  24. Patti Wigington, “Who Is the Green Man?” Learn Religions, 24 Jan. 2019, www.learnreligions.com/the-green-man-spirit-of-the-forest-2561659.

  25. “Cernunnos, the Wild Celtic God of the Forest,” Learn Religions, 25 June 2019, www.learnreligions.com/cernunnos-wild-god-of-the-forest-2561959.

  26. “Herne the Hunter,” Mythopedia, mythopedia.com/celtic-mythology/gods/herne-the-hunter.

Sources from Episode 151

  1. “Beheads Farm Worker With Ax,” The Daily Banner (Cambridge, Maryland), June 9, 1916, p. 4.

  2. J. Wood Brown, An Enquiry into the Life and Legend of Michael Scot (Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1897). 

  3. Owen Davies, Grimoires: A History of Magic Books (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009).

  4. Owen Davies, “Owen Davies’ Top 10 Grimoires,” The Guardian, 4/8/2009, https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/apr/08/history.

  5. Owen Davies, Popular Magic: Cunning-folk in English History (London: Hambledon Continuum, 2003).

  6. Glenn M. Edwards, “The Two Redactions of Michael Scot’s ‘Liber Introductorius,’” Traditio 41 (1985), pp. 329-340.

  7. Charles H. Haskins, “The ‘Alchemy’ Ascribed to Michael Scot,’ Isis 10, no. 2 (June 1928), pp. 350-59. 

  8. Charles H. Haskins,“Michael Scot and Frederick II,” Isis 4, n. 2 (Oct. 1921), pp. 250-275.

  9. Charles H. Haskins, Studies in the History of Medieval Science (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1924).

  10. Urban T. Holmes, Jr., Daily Living in the Twelfth Century: Based on the Observations of Alexander Neckam in London and Paris (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1952).

  11. John Kalbfleisch, “In 1682 Montreal, an Accused Witch Escaped Sanction,” Montreal Gazette, 6/25/2016, https://www.newspapers.com/image/494115134/?terms=montreal%2Bwitch%2Blamarque.

  12. Kay, Richard. “The Spare Ribs of Dante’s Michael Scot.” Dante Studies 103 (1985), pp. 1-14.

  13. James Kritzeck, “The School of Toledo,” in Peter the Venerable and Islam, (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1964), pp. 51-55.

  14. Jonathan Lyons, The House of Wisdom: How the Arabs Transformed Western Civilization (New York: Bloomsbury, 2009).

  15. Lucy K. Pick, “Michael Scot in Toledo: ‘Natura Naturans’ and the Hierarchy of Being.” Traditio, 53 (1998), pp. 93-116. 

  16. T.C. Scott and P. Marketos, “Michael Scot,” http://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Scot.html.

  17. Lynn Thorndike, A History of Magic and Experimental Science During the First Thirteen Centuries of our Era. Vol. 2 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1923).

  18. Travis Zadeh, “Magic, Marvel, and Miracle in Early Islamic Thought,” in The Cambridge History of Magic and Witchcraft in the West: From Antiquity to the Present, Edited by David J. Collins, S.J. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015), pp. 235-267.

  19. “A Modern Sorceress,” St. Louis Globe-Democrat (St. Louis, Missouri) March 30, 1879, p. 14.

  20. “The Gold Diggers Still At Work,” Intelligencer Journal (Lancaster, Pennsylvania), 05 Mar 1879, p. 3.

  21. “Lancaster County Witch Story,” Reading Times (Reading, Pennsylvania), 28 Mar 1879, p. 2

Sources from Episode 150

  1. “Artwork hidden under Picasso painting revealed by x-ray,” The Guardian, Feb 2018, https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/feb/17/artwork-hidden-under-picasso-painting-revealed-by-x-ray.

  2. Adam King, “Mississippian Period: Overview,” Georgia Encyclopedia, 8 June 2017, https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/mississippian-period-overview.

  3. “Bourbon Orleans Hotel,” Bourbon Orleans Hotel, https://www.bourbonorleans.com/bourbon-orleans-hotel-history.

  4. “Bourbon Orleans, New Orleans, LA,” Haunted Rooms, https://www.hauntedrooms.com/louisiana/new-orleans/haunted-places/haunted-hotels/bourbon-orleans.

  5. “Can I Go Inside the LaLaurie Mansion?,” Ghost City Tours, https://ghostcitytours.com/new-orleans/haunted-places/lalaurie-mansion/tour-inside-lalaurie-mansion.

  6. Carolyn Morrow Long, Madame Lalaurie, Mistress of the Haunted House (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2015), p. 272. 

  7. “Mistress of the Haunted House,” 64 Parishes, https://64parishes.org/mistress-haunted-house.

  8. Cindy Ermus, “The Good Friday Fire of 1788 in Spanish Colonial New Orleans,” Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association, Vol. 54 No. 3 (Summer 2013): 292-331.

  9. “Misrecognized: Looking at Images of Black Suffering and Death,” PhD diss., Duke University, 2008. https://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/10161/707/D_Baker_Courtney_a_200808.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.

  10. “The Duelling Oaks,” Duelling Oaks, https://www.duellingoaks.com.

  11. Fred R. Darkis, Jr., “Madame Lalaurie of New Orleans,” Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association Vol. 23, No. 4 (Autumn, 1982), pp. 383-399. 

  12. “Four real New Orleans legends that put ghost stories to shame,” The Historic New Orleans Collection, 15 October 2018, https://www.hnoc.org/publications/first-draft/four-real-new-orleans-legends-put-ghost-stories-shame.

  13. George W. Cable, Strange True Stories of Louisiana (Project Gutenberg, 2004), p. 346.

  14. “The Ghosts of Le Petit Theatre,” Ghost City Tours, https://ghostcitytours.com/new-orleans/haunted-places/le-petit-theatre.

  15. Grace Elizabeth King, Creole Families of New Orleans (New York: Macmillan, 1921), p. 465.

  16. “The Most Haunted Places in the United States,” National Geographic, 22 October 2018, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/travel-interests/tips-and-advice/the-most-haunted-places-in-the-united-states.

  17. Harriet Martineau, Retrospect of Western Travel in Three Vols. (London: Saunders and Otley, 1838), pp. 120-160.

  18. “Haunted Bourbon Orleans,” Haunted Hocking, https://www.hauntedhocking.com/Bourbon_Orleans_Haunted_New_Orleans.htm.

  19. “The Haunted Bourbon Orleans Hotel,” Ghost City Tours, https://ghostcitytours.com/new-orleans/haunted-places/haunted-hotels/bourbon-orleans-hotel.

  20. “The Haunted LaLaurie Mansion,” Ghost City Tours, https://ghostcitytours.com/new-orleans/haunted-places/lalaurie-mansion.

  21. “Indigenous Tribes of New Orleans & Louisiana,” American Library Association, 13 April 2018, http://www.ala.org/aboutala/offices/nola-tribes.

  22. “Ghost At New Orleans’ Secret Horror Chamber,” Skeptical Inquirer, 23 November 2016, https://skepticalinquirer.org/newsletter/ghosts-at-new-orleans-secret-horror-chamber.

  23. “Vintage photos of Le Petit Theatre: 99 years later, a new vision for the French Quarter gem,” 3 September 2015, https://www.nola.com/entertainment_life/arts/article_627b30d9-ee30-5f95-bfbd-50cc326a2f2e.html.

  24. “La Madame et la Mademoiselle: Creole Women in Louisiana, 1718-1865,” Master’s thesis, Louisiana State University, May 2005. https://web.archive.org/web/20110807152536/http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-04042005-171447/unrestricted/Morlas_thesis.pdf.

  25. “The Sinister Story Behind This Popular New Orleans Park Will Give You Chills,” Only In Your State, 6 September 2017, https://www.onlyinyourstate.com/louisiana/new-orleans/sinister-park-new-orleans.

  26. “Dueling Oak,” New Orleans Historical, https://neworleanshistorical.org/items/show/109.

  27. “LaLaurie Mansion,” Atlas Obscura, https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/lalaurie-mansion.

  28. “The Lalaurie Mansion: New Orleans’ House of Horrors,” NOLA Ghosts, 11 May 2018, https://nolaghosts.com/lalaurie-mansion.

  29. “Louisiana’s Traditional Cultures: An Overview,” Folklife in Louisiana, originally published 1997, updated online to reflect new information, http://www.louisianafolklife.org/LT/Maidas_Essay/main_introduction_onepage.html#tab2.

  30. “Marie Delphine Lalaurie,” Murderpedia, https://murderpedia.org/female.L/l/lalaurie-delphine.htm.

  31. Michael Democker, “Haunted NOLA: Duels for ‘Pride and Honor’ Left Behind Hundreds of Ghosts at Duelling Oaks in City Park,” 29 October 2019, https://nola.verylocal.com/haunted-nola-duels-for-pride-and-honor-left-behind-hundreds-of-ghosts-at-duelling-oaks-in-city-park/89807.

  32. “New Orleans’ LaLaurie House Has Gruesome Past,” Forbes, 23 October 2013, https://www.forbes.com/sites/zillow/2013/10/23/new-orleans-lalaurie-house-has-gruesome-past/#597299c9df48.

  33. “The History,” Bourbon Orleans Hotel, https://www.bourbonorleans.com/the-hotel/history.

  34. “New Evidence -- Jean Blanque,” Hancock County Historical Society, 3 May 2010, http://www.hancockcountyhistoricalsociety.com/history/new-evidence---jean-blanque.

  35. “The Burden of Louis Congo and the Evolution of Savagery in Colonial Louisiana,” in Discipline and the Other Body: Correction, Corporeality, Colonialism, edited by Steven Pierce and Anupama Rao, 61-89 (North Carolina: Duke University Press, 2006).

  36. “A Voudoo Tree: Haunted Sycamore of Congo Square,” Louisiana Digital Library, 1 August 1891, https://louisianadigitallibrary.org/islandora/object/state-lwp%3A5157.

Sources from Episode 149

  1. “Largest Collection Of Ancient Surgical Tools Was Found Here, Not At Pompeii,” Forbes, Feb 2018, https://www.forbes.com/sites/kristinakillgrove/2018/02/28/largest-collection-of-ancient-surgical-tools-was-found-here-not-at-pompeii/#233459c0317f.

  2. “American Railroads in the 20th Century,” Smithsonian Institute, https://americanhistory.si.edu/america-on-the-move/essays/american-railroads.

  3. “The Beginnings of American Railroads and Mapping,” Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/collections/railroad-maps-1828-to-1900/articles-and-essays/history-of-railroads-and-maps/the-beginnings-of-american-railroads-and-mapping.

  4. “Bostian Bridge Train Wreck,” NCPedia, 2006, https://ncpedia.org/bostian-bridge-train-wreck.

  5. “Casey Jones,” Biography, April 2019, https://www.biography.com/personality/casey-jones.

  6. Cleveland Moffett, “Stories from the Archives of the Pinkerton Detective Agency,” in McClure’s Magazine, vol. 4, 549-554, S.S. McClure Company, 1985.

  7. “Community Dreams,” Smithsonian Institute, https://americanhistory.si.edu/america-on-the-move/community-dreams.

  8. Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, February 12, 1887.

  9. “The Ghost Train of Bostian’s Bridge,” NCPedia, December 2010, https://ncpedia.org/culture/legends/bostian-ghost-train.

  10. “Ghost Trains,” Virginia Lamkin, Seeks Ghosts, 22 December 2013, https://seeksghosts.blogspot.com/2013/12/ghost-trains.html.

  11. “Ghost Trains: A Haunting Look Behind the Legends,” The Occult Museum, http://www.theoccultmuseum.com/ghost-trains-haunting-look-behind-legends.

  12. “Ghost Trains: Real or Legend?,” The Ghost Diaries, February 2016, http://theghostdiaries.com/ghost-trains-real-or-legend.

  13. “The Haunted Railroad Bridge,” Vermonter, https://vermonter.com/haunted-railroad-bridge.

  14. “A History of American Protest Music: This Is the Hammer That Killed John Henry,” Tom Maxwell, Longreads, 4 October 2017, https://longreads.com/2017/10/04/a-history-of-american-protest-music-this-is-the-hammer-that-killed-john-henry.

  15. J. A. Ferguson, “The Wrong Rail in the Wrong Place at the Wrong Time,” Vermont History Journal, Vol. 81 (2013): 52.

  16. “Lincoln’s Phantom Train,” A Grave Interest, 26 April 2013, http://agraveinterest.blogspot.com/2013/04/lincolns-phantom-train.html.

  17. “Lincoln’s Phantom Train,” Virginia Lamkin, Seeks Ghosts, 4 November 2014, https://seeksghosts.blogspot.com/2014/11/lincolns-phantom-train.html.

  18. “North Carolina Ghost Train, Bostian Bridge 1891,” LeAnne Carey, The Pamlico Porch, 8 October 2018, https://www.thepamlicoporch.com/blog/2018/10/8/north-carolina-ghost-train-bostian-bridge-1891-statesville-nc.

  19. Paul Adams, The Little Book of Ghosts (The History Press, 2014). 

  20. “Railroad History: A Timeline,” American Rails, https://www.american-rails.com/history.html.

  21. “Railroads in the 20th Century, the 1900s,” American Rails, https://www.american-rails.com/1900s.html.

  22. Scott Reynolds Nelson, Steel Drivin’ Man: John Henry, the Untold Story of an American Legend (Oxford University Press, 4 August 2008), p. 224.

  23. “Transportation in America before 1876,” Smithsonian Institute, https://americanhistory.si.edu/america-on-the-move/transportation-1876.

Sources from Episode 148

  1. “Archaeology of the Underworld: In Search of the Ancient Greek ‘Necromanteion’”, Mysterious Universe, July 2017, https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2017/07/archaeology-of-the-underworld-in-search-of-the-ancient-greek-necromanteion.

  2. “1441: Margery Jourdemayne, the Witch of Eye,” Executed Today, October 27, 2014 http://www.executedtoday.com/2014/10/27/1441-margery-jourdemayne-the-witch-of-eye.

  3. “The Rise and Fall of Eleanor Cobham,” History of Royal Women, November 11, 2018. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/eleanor-cobham/the-rise-and-fall-of-eleanor-cobham.

  4. “Margery Jourdemayne,” History Naked, October 31, 2015 http://www.historynaked.com/margery-jourdemayne.

  5. “Witches in Britain,” Historic UK, https://www.historic-uk.com/CultureUK/Witches-in-Britain.

  6. “Royal Sorceress: The Chilling Trial and Punishment of Duchess Eleanor Cobham,” The Vintage News, February 19, 2018. https://www.thevintagenews.com/2018/02/19/eleanor-cobham.

  7. Francis Young, Magic as a Political Crime in Medieval and Early Modern England: A History (Bloomsbury, 2017).

  8. Phillipa Gregory and David Baldwn Michael Jones, The Women of the Cousins’ War: The Real White Queen and Her Rivals (Simon and Schuster, 2011).

  9. “Medieval royal witches: from Elizabeth Woodville to Queen Joan of Navarre,” History Extra, https://www.historyextra.com/period/medieval/medieval-royal-witches-from-elizabeth-woodville-to-queen-joan-of-navarre.

  10. John Ashdown-Hill, Royal Marriage Secrets: Consorts & Concubines, Bigamists & Bastards (The History Press, 2013).

  11. John Ashdown-Hill, The Wars of the Roses (Amberley Publishing Limited, October 15, 2015).

  12. “Henry VI may have had a “sex coach” – plus 4 more curious facts about his life,” History Extra, https://www.historyextra.com/period/plantagenet/king-henry-vi-facts-life-death-reign-marriage-sex-coach-wife-illness-mental-health-mysterious-strange.

  13. “Henry VI,” BBC, http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/henry_vi_king.shtml.

  14. “John, Duke of Bedford,” English Monarchs, http://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/plantagenet_63.html.

Sources from Episode 147

  1. Dáibhí Ó Cróinín, “Ireland, 400–800,” A New History of Ireland, Volume I: Prehistoric and Early Ireland, edited by Dáibhí Ó Cróinín (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005).

  2. F. X. Martin, “Introduction: Medieval Ireland,” A New History of Ireland, Volume II: Medieval Ireland, 1169–1534, edited by Art Cosgrove (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009).

  3. “The Monarchs of Ireland,” https://www.heraldry.ws/info/article12.html.

  4. “Ancient Origins of Ireland,” House of Names, https://www.houseofnames.com/blogs/Ancient-Origins-of-Ireland.

  5. Joanna Pierce, “The Castle in the Lordship of Ireland, 1177–1310,” The Irish Story, https://www.theirishstory.com/2011/09/13/the-castle-in-the-lordship-of-ireland-1177-1310/#.XlP1r5NKhp8.

  6. Max Lieberman, “The Medieval ‘Marches’ of Normandy and Wales,” The English Historical Review 125.517 (Dec 2010), pp. 1357–1381.

  7. Rhonda Knight, “Werewolves, Monsters, and Miracles: Representing Colonial Fantasies in Gerald of Wales’s ‘Topographia Hibernica’,” Studies in Iconography 22 (2001), pp. 55–86.

  8. Tom McNeill, Castles in Ireland: Feudal Power in a Gaelic World (London: Routledge, 1997).

  9. Jane Ohlmeyer, Making Ireland English: The Irish Aristocracy in the Seventeenth Century (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2012).

  10. Terrence Barry, A History of Settlement in Ireland (London: Routledge, 2000).

  11. Terrence Barry, The Archeology of Medieval Ireland (London: Routeledge, 1988).

  12. Victoria McAlister, “Castles and Connectivity: Exploring the Economic Networks between Tower Houses, Settlement, and Trade in Late-Medieval Ireland,” Speculum 91.3 (July 2016), pp. 631–659.

  13. Goddard H. Orpen, “The Effects of Norman Rule in Ireland, 1169–1333,” The American Historical Review 19.2 (Jan 1914), pp. 245–256.

  14. Geraldine Heng, The Invention of Race in the European Middle Ages (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018).

  15. Orna Mulcahy, Irish Castles: Ireland’s Most Dramatic Castles and Strongholds (Glasgow: Harper Collins 2020).

  16. “How Many Castles Are in Ireland?,” Your Irish Adventure, 3 April 2019, https://youririshadventure.com/how-many-castles-in-ireland.

  17. Ballygally Castle, “The Friendly Ghost on the Antrim Coast: Hauntingly Good Fun at the Ballygally Castle,” https://www.hastingshotels.com/ballygally-castle/ghost-room.html.

  18. Todd Atteberry, “Ballygally Castle Hotel: The Knock at the Door Isn’t Room Service,” Wytchery: A Gothic Curiosity Cabinet, https://www.gothichorrorstories.com/true-ghost-stories/ballygally-castle-hotel-the-knock-at-the-door-isnt-room-service.

  19. Jeff Belanger, The World’s Most Haunted Places, Revised Edition (Pompton Plains, NJ: The Career Press, 2011).

  20. “A Haunted Castle in Ireland,” Ross Castle, https://www.ross-castle.com/history/ghosts.

  21. Historical Sketch of the Nugent Family (Ledestown: John Charles Lyons, 1853).

  22. Gerald Power, A European Frontier Elite: The Nobility of the English Pale in Tudor Ireland, 1496–1566 (Hannover: Wehrhahn Verlag, 2012).

  23. “Nugent, Richard, twelfth Baron Delvin (d. 1538),” Dictionary of National Biography, Vol XLI: Nichols—O’Dugan, edited by Sidney Lee (London: Smith, Elder, & Co., 1895), pp. 265–266.

  24. D. B. Quinn, “The Reemergence of English Policy as a Major Factor  in Irish Affairs, 1520–34,” A New History of Ireland, Volume II: Medieval Ireland, 1169–1534, edited by Art Cosgrove (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), pp. 674-676.

  25. Charles R. Mayes, “The Early Stuarts and the Irish Peerage,” The English Historical Review 73.287 (Apr 1958), pp. 227–251.

  26. The Peerage of England, Scotland, and Ireland: Volume III, The Peerage of Ireland (London: W. Owen 1790).

  27. Conor Pope, “I Went in Search of Ireland’s Most Troubled Ghosts,” The Irish Times, 31 October 2019, https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/travel/i-went-in-search-of-ireland-s-most-troubled-ghosts-1.4066856.

  28. “Ross Castle, Co. Meath, June 2009,” Ghost Catcher UK & Ireland, 13 June 2009, https://ghostcatcherie.wordpress.com/2009/06/13/ross-castle-co-meath-june-2009.

  29. Steven G. Ellis, Ireland in the Age of the Tudors, 1447–1603 (Routledge 1998).

  30. Steven G. Ellis, “Defending the English Pale: The Viceroyalty of Richard Nugent, Third Baron of Delvin, 1527–8,” Irish Historical Studies 43.163 (May 2019), pp. 1–11.

  31. Stanley Weintraub, Uncrowned King: The Life of Prince Albert (New York: The Free Press 1997) .

  32. “MISS TOTTENHAM’S GHOST,” republished from The Whitehall Review in St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis, Missouri, 28 Oct 1882), p.10.

  33. “THE GHOST STORY TOLD TO THE QUEEN,” republished from The Whitehall Review in The Guernsey Magazine, volume 10, No. 11 (November 1882) pp.5–6; and The Guernsey Magazine, volume 10, No. 12 (December 1882), pp. 5–8.

  34. Philip Herbert Hore, History of the Town and County of Wexford (1904).

  35. “Loftus Hall, County Wexford,” National Inventory of Architectural Heritage, https://www.buildingsofireland.ie/buildings-search/building/15705401/loftus-hall-loftushall-county-wexford.

  36. The Dublin Almanac and General Register of Ireland for the Year of Our Lord 1849 (Dublin: Pettigrew and Oulton, 1849).

  37. Helena B. Scott and Steve Meyler, Loftus: The Hall of Dreams (London: Maison Noir Press, 2018).

  38. Gabriel O’C. Redmond, “The History and Topography of the Parish of Hook [continued],” Journal of the Waterford & South-East of Ireland Archaeological Society, vol VI (Waterford, IE: Harvey & Co. 1900), pp. 215–234.

  39. “Maire Rua (1615–1586),” Clare County Library, http://www.clarelibrary.ie/eolas/coclare/people/ruadh.htm.

  40. “The Burren: Legends of Maire Rua,” Clare County Library, http://www.clarelibrary.ie/eolas/coclare/places/the_burren/maire_rua_legends.htm.

  41. Thomas Johnson Westropp, County Clare Folk-Tales and Myths, http://www.clarelibrary.ie/eolas/coclare/folklore/folk_tales/chapter10.htm.

  42. Lady Chatterton, Rambles in the South of Ireland During the Year 1838, Volume II (London: Saunders and Otley, 1839).

  43. Thomas J. Westropp, “A Folklore Survey of County Clare (Continued),” Folklore 21.3 (Sep 1910), pp. 338–349.

  44. Thomas J. Westropp, “County Clare Folk-Tales and Myths, IV. (Concluded),” Folklore 24.4 (Dec 1913), pp. 490–504.

  45. Thomas J. Westropp, Folklore of Clare (Ennis: Clasp Press, 2000).

  46. Thomas J. Westropp, “Excursions of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, Summer Meeting, 1900: Description of the Places Visited, Section III,” The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries in Ireland (1901), pp. 403–407.

  47. “Red Mary—The Ghost of Leamaneh Castle,” The Irish Place, 20 November 2015, https://www.theirishplace.com/heritage/red-mary-ghost-leamaneh-castle.

Sources from Episode 146

  1. “Oldest Known Mattress Found; Slept Whole Family,” National Geographic, December 2011, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/12/111208-oldest-mattress-africa-archaeology-science/.

  2. Stephen Gordon, Supernatural Encounters: Demons and the Restless Dead in Medieval England, c.1050–1450 (London: Routledge 2019).

  3. William MacLehose, “Fear, Fantasy, and Sleep in Medieval Medicine,” Emotions and Health 1200–1700, edited by Elena Carrera (Leiden: Brill 2013).

  4. Claire Trenery, Madness, Medicine, and Miracle in Twelfth-Century England (London: Routledge, 2019).

  5. Edwin A. Abbott, St. Thomas of Canterbury: His Death and Miracles vol. 1 (London: Adam and Charles Black, 1898).

  6. Jacqueline Pearson, “The Ghost of Colonel Bowen: 1655, 1691, 1941,” Preternature 5.1 (2016), pp. 86–111.

  7. David J. Hufford, The Terror That Comes in the Night: An Experience-Centered Study of Supernatural Assault Traditions (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1982).

  8. David J. Hufford, “Sleep Paralysis as Spiritual Experience,” Transcultural Psychiatry 42.1 (1 March 2005), pp. 11–45.

  9. B. A. Sharpless and Doghramji K, Sleep Paralysis – Historical, Psychological and Medical Perspectives (Oxford: Oxford University Press 2015).

  10. Owen Davies, “The Nightmare Experience, Sleep Paralysis, and Witchcraft Accusations.” Folklore 114.2 (2003) pp. 181–203.

  11. EJO Kompanje, “‘The Devil Lay Upon Her and Held Her Down’: Hypnagogic Hallucinations and Sleep Paralysis Described by the Dutch Physician Isbrand van Diemerbroeck (1609–1674) in 1664,” Journal of Sleep Research 17 (2008), pp. 464–467. 

  12. Charles Stewart, “Erotic Dreams and Nightmares from Antiquity to the Present,” The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 8.2 (June 2002), pp. 279–309.

  13. Amanda McKeever, The Ghost in Early Modern Protestant Culture: Shifting Perceptions of the Afterlife, 1450–1700, Dissertation (University of Sussex 2010).

  14. Ludwig Lavater, Of ghostes and spirites walking by nyght and of strange noyses, crackes, and sundry forewarnynges, whiche commonly happen before the death of menne, great slaughters, [and] alterations of kyngdomes, translated into English by Robert Harrison (London: Henry Benneyman, 1572), https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A05186.0001.001?view=toc.

  15. “Of Ghosts and Spirits Walking by Night by Ludwig Lavater, 1572,” The British Library, https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/of-ghosts-and-spirits-walking-by-night-by-ludwig-lavater-1572.

  16. Richard Baxter, Certainty of the World of Spirits and, consequently, of the immortality of souls of the magic end misery of the devils and the damned and of the blessedness of the justified, fully evinced by the unquestionable history of apparitions, operations, witchcrafts, voices etc written as an addition to the many other treatises for the conviction of Sadducee and infidels (London: T. Parkhurst 1691).

  17. Avery F. Gordon, Ghostly Matters: Haunting and the Sociological Imagination (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press 1997).

  18. “The Strange World of Felt Presence,” The Guardian, March 2005, https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/mar/05/the-strange-world-of-felt-presences.

  19. James S. Amelang, “Sleeping with the Enemy: The Devil in Dreams in Early Modern Spain,” American Imago 69.3 (Fall 2012), pp. 319–352.

  20. José F R de Sá and Sérgio A Mota-Rolim, “Sleep Paralysis in Brazilian Folklore and Other Cultures: A Brief Review,” Frontiers in Psychology 7.1294. (7 Sep 2016), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5013036.

  21. Bahar Gholipour, “Ever Wake Up and Think You See a Ghost? Here’s What’s Happening,” Live Science, 14 January 2015, https://www.livescience.com/49457-sleep-paralysis-hallucinations.html.

  22. Sara G. Miller, “The Demon on Your Chest and Other Terrifying Tales of Sleep Paralysis,” Live Science, 10 October 2016, https://www.livescience.com/56422-sleep-paralysis-different-cultures.html.

  23. Tereza Pultarova, “The Demon Attacks at Night: Explaining the Incubus Phenomenon,” Live Science, 18 December 2017, https://www.livescience.com/61227-incubus-phenomenon.html.

  24. Nancy Caciola and Moshe Sluhovsky, “Spiritual Physiologies: the Discernment of Spirits in Medieval and Early Modern Europe,” Preternature 1.1 (2012), pp. 1–48, www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/preternature.1.1.0001.

  25. Cynthia Hahn, review of The Medieval Heart by Heather Webb, Church History 81.1 (March 2012), pp. 166–168.

  26. Katharine Park, “The Criminal and the Saintly Body: Autopsy and Dissection in Renaissance Italy,” Renaissance Quarterly 47.1 (Spring 1994), pp. 1–33.

Sources from Episode 145

  1. Danielle Oteri, “The Incredible Story of Eliza Jumel: Once America’s Richest Woman, Now a Ghost in Washington Heights,” Gothamist, 9/13/2014.

  2. “Belief in Ghosts Haunts a Historic Mansion,” New York Times, 10/31/1981.

  3. Margaret Oppenheimer, Remarkable Rise of Eliza Jumel: A Story of Marriage and Money in the Early Republic (Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 2016).

  4. Harold Faber, “Spanning 220 Years to the Inaugural,” April 23, 1989, Section 1, Page 34.

  5. James Grant Wilson, ed., Appletons’ Cyclopaedia of American Biography, (1887).

  6. William Henry Shelton, The Jumel Mansion: Being a full history of the house on Harlem Heights built by Roger Morris before the Revolution (Houghton Mifflin, 1916).

  7. Greene, et al., The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, New York Genealogical and Biographical Society, Vol. 34-35, 1903.

  8. “About New York; Belief in Ghost Haunts a Historic Mansion,” New York Times, October 31, 1981, Section 2, Page 31.

  9. Sarah Laskow, “The Haunting of a Heights House,” Lapham’s Quarterly, July 30, 2019.

  10. Hans Holzer, Ghosts (Open Road Media, 2012).

  11. Maggie MacLean, “Theodosia Burr Alson,” History of American Women, 11/5/2012.

  12. Dale L. Walker, The Calamity Papers: Western Myths and Cold Cases (Macmillan, 2006) pp. 75–76.

Sources from Episode 144

  1. “After 40 Years' Burrowing, Mole Man of Hackney is Ordered to Stop,” The Guardian, August 2006, https://www.theguardian.com/society/2006/aug/08/communities.uknews.

  2. Maurice Broun, Hawks Aloft: The Story of Hawk Mountain (Stackpole Books, 1949).

  3. “Schambacher’s Tavern: A Real Ghost Story,” Hagenbuch, October 20, 2015.

  4. John E. Hower, “Nature-lovers find sanctuary in mountains,” The Daily News (Lebanon, Pennsylvania), October 1, 1989.

  5. Gerald Jr. Huesken, “Matthias Schambacher,” Find A Grave, October 25, 2010.

  6. Ralph Kreamer, “Tavern at Hawk Mountain Had a Grisly Proprietor,” The Morning Call (Allentown, Pennsylvania), June 23, 1957.

  7. Matt Lake, Weird Pennsylvania: Your Travel Guide to Pennsylvania's Local Legends and Best Kept Secrets (New York, NY: Sterling Publishing Co, 2005).

  8. Mark Nesbit and Patty Wilson, Cursed in Pennsylvania: Stories of the Damned in the Keystone State (Globe Pequot: Guilford, 2016).

  9. Amy Oakes, “Tavern Owner’s Legend Still Haunts Hawk Mountain,” The Morning Call (Allentown, Pennsylvania), March 16 1997.

  10. “Frightful Snakes on Blue Mountains,” Reading Times (Reading, Pennsylvania), August 17, 1877.

  11. “Perpetual Motion Machines: Working Against Physical Laws,” Live Science, August 2016, https://www.livescience.com/55944-perpetual-motion-machines.html.

  12. Steven Struzinsky, “The Tavern in Colonial America,” The Gettysburg Historical Journal: Vol. 1 , Article 7, 2002.

Sources from Episode 143

  1. “An Ancient Roman Ghost Story (Ca. 61-115 AD),” Ancient History Blog, ancientstandard.com/2007/10/31/an-ancient-roman-ghost-story-ca-61-115-ad.

  2. Anon, An Accurate Account of the Trial of William Corder, for the Murder of Maria Marten, of Polstead, Suffolk ... to which are added, and explanatory preface, and fifty-three of the letters, Sent by various Ladies, in answer to Corder's Matrimonial Advertisement (London: George Foster, 1828).

  3. “Ancient Ghosts,” Ancient History Encyclopedia, Ancient History Encyclopedia, date unknown, www.ancient.eu/collection/15/ancient-ghosts.

  4. Stephanie Almazan, “Murder in the Red Barn: The Killing of Maria Marten,” The Lineup, 28 Mar. 2016, the-line-up.com/the-red-barn-murder-1827.

  5. Todd Butler, “The Haunting of Isabell Binnington: Ghosts of Murder, Texts, and Law in Restoration England,” Journal of British Studies, vol. 50, no. 2, 2011, pp. 248–276.

  6. Kathleen Chaplin, "The Death Knock," New England Review, vol. 34, no. 1, 2013.

  7. "Folk Belief and Traditions of the Supernatural," Edited by Tommy Kuusela & Giuseppe Maiello (Beewolf Press 2016).

  8. Alan H. Gardiner, Late-Egyptian Stories (Fondation égyptologique Reine Élisabeth, 1932).

  9. “Hon. Nicola Sophia Gorges, Lady Beresford.” geni_family_tree, 13 Dec. 2019, www.geni.com/people/Hon-Nicola-Gorges-Lady-Beresford/6000000010874866135.

  10. Homer, et al. The Odyssey (Seven Treasures Publications, 2010).

  11. Homer, et al. Iliad (Harvard University Press, 2001).

  12. Herbert F. Hore, “Lord Tyrone's Ghost,” Ulster Journal of Archaeology, vol. 7, 1859, pp. 149–165. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/20563496.

  13. Ben Lauer, “Shakespeare's Top 5 Spookiest Ghosts,” Shakespeare & Beyond, 1 Nov 2019, shakespeareandbeyond.folger.edu/2019/10/25/top-5-spookiest-ghosts.

  14. Emily Mark, “Ghosts in Ancient China,” Ancient History Encyclopedia, Ancient History Encyclopedia, 12 Feb 2020, www.ancient.eu/article/892/ghosts-in-ancient-china.

  15. Joshua J. Mark, “A Ghost Story of Ancient Egypt,” Ancient History Encyclopedia, 10 Feb 2020, www.ancient.eu/article/964/a-ghost-story-of-ancient-egypt.

  16. Joshua J. Mark, “Ghosts in the Ancient World.” Ancient History Encyclopedia, 10 Feb. 2020, www.ancient.eu/ghost.

  17. “Ghosts in Shakespeare,” The British Library, The British Library, 9 Nov 2015, www.bl.uk/shakespeare/articles/ghosts-in-shakespeare.

  18. Jacqueline Simpson, “Repentant Soul or Walking Corpse? Debatable Apparitions in Medieval England,” Folklore, vol. 114, no. 3, 2003, pp. 389–402. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/30035125.

  19. William Kelly Simpson (ed.), The Literature of Ancient Egypt: An Anthology of Stories, Instructions, and Poetry, translations by R.O. Faulkner, Edward F. Wente, Jr., and William Kelly Simpson (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1972).

  20. “Halloween Irish Ghost Story - Predictions from the Dead,” IrishCentral.com, IrishCentral, 14 Oct. 2019, www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/halloween-irish-ghost-story-predictions-dead.

  21. Vaughan, Trefor Doloughan. “Fact and Fiction in a Legend.” Folklore, vol. 119, no. 2, 2008, pp. 218–232.

  22. Colin Wilson and Damon Wilson, Strange: True Stories of the Mysterious and Bizarre (Skyhorse Publishing, 2014).

Sources from Episode 142

  1. “Total Solar Eclipse in China, Japan, and Korea,” Transient Effects, date unknown, https://artmuseum.princeton.edu/transient-effects/eclipses-art/total-solar-eclipse-china-japan-and-korea.

  2. “When the dragon ate the sun: how ancient peoples interpreted solar eclipses,” Vox, August 2017, https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/8/18/16078886/total-solar-eclipse-folklore.

  3. “Sisters of mercy: the Biddenden Maids,” History Extra, https://www.historyextra.com/period/medieval/sisters-of-mercy-the-biddenden-maids.

  4. “Yoruba Customs and Beliefs Pertaining to Twins,” Cambridge, https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S136905230000252X.

  5. “Seeing Double: How History Became Obsessed With Twins,” Arts and Culture, https://artsandculture.google.com/theme/seeing-double-how-history-became-obsessed-with-twins/XgIiH-H78-86LQ?hl=en.

  6. “The Uncanny Case Of The Jim Twins, Two Estranged Twins Who Led Identical Lives,” Ripley’s, May 28, 2018, https://www.ripleys.com/weird-news/jim-twins.

  7. “What Is Important About Twin Fascination,” Psychology Today, Aug 28, 2018, https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/twin-dilemmas/201808/what-is-important-about-twin-fascination.

  8. “Most Famous Identical Twins of All Time,” 247 Wall St, January 12, 2020, https://247wallst.com/special-report/2018/04/18/most-famous-identical-twins-of-all-time/6.

  9. “Death and Rebirth: The Mysterious Case of the Pollock Twins,” Mysterious Universe, March 26, 2018, https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2018/03/death-and-rebirth-the-mysterious-case-of-the-pollock-twins.

  10. “The Pollock Twin Mystery,” Real Paranormal Experiences, September 23, 2017, https://realparanormalexperiences.com/the-pollock-twins-mystery.

  11. “Pollock Twins,” PSI Encyclopedia, https://psi-encyclopedia.spr.ac.uk/articles/pollock-twins.

  12. John Matthews Manly and Edith Richert, “Contemporary British Literature,” (Ardent Media, 1923), p. 53. 

  13. “An Early Burmese Twin Case,” PSI Encyclopedia, https://psi-encyclopedia.spr.ac.uk/articles/twins-reincarnation-research.

  14. “Scientists see twins as the perfect laboratory to examine the impact of nature vs. Nurture,” Washington Post, September 29, 2018. https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/scientists-see-twins-as-the-perfect-laboratory-to-examine-the-impact-of-nature-vs-nurture/2018/09/28/d8423d16-9bfc-11e8-b60b-1c897f17e185_story.html.

Sources from Episode 141

  1. “The Day a Crocodile Was Found in the Sewers,” CNews, September 2014, https://www.cnews.fr/animaux/2014-09-13/le-jour-ou-un-crocodile-ete-retrouve-dans-les-egouts-691210.

  2. “Halloween Haunts: Pére Lachaise Cemetery in Paris,” Aesu, October 29, 2015, https://www.aesu.com/blog/halloween-haunts-pere-lachaise-cemetery-paris/.

  3. “Grave of Philibert Aspairt,” Atlas Obscura, date unknown, https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/grave-of-philibert-aspairt.

  4.  Guy Breton and Louis Pauwels, Histoires magiques de l’histoire de France, tome 1 (Albin Michel, 1977). 

  5. “History of Paris,” Civitatis, date unknown, https://www.introducingparis.com/history.

  6. Kimberly Daul, “Père-Lachaise Cemetery,” Encyclopedia Britannica, date unknown, https://www.britannica.com/place/Pere-Lachaise-Cemetery.

  7. Amédée de Ponthieu, Légendes du vieux Paris (Paris: Bachelin-Deflorenne, 1867).

  8. Kerry Flint, “The Catacombs of Paris: Underneath the city of light lies a chamber of darkness and death,” CityMetric, October 2015, https://www.citymetric.com/skylines/catacombs-paris-underneath-city-light-lies-chamber-darkness-and-death-1541.

  9. Patrick Hemmler, Énigmes, légendes et mystères du vieux Paris (Gisserot, 2008) pp. 21-24.

  10. Louis-Marie Prudhomme, Miroir historique, politique et critique de l'ancien et du nouveau Paris, et du département de la Seine (Prudhomme fils, 1807) pp. 106-107.

  11. “Rue des Marmousets, 1865,” Vergue, date unknown, http://vergue.com/post/155/Rue-des-Marmousets-Perpignan.

  12. Hugh Noel Williams, Queens of the French Stage (Harper & Brothers, 1905) pp. 347-351.

Sources from Episode 140

  1. “Neolithic Astronomy,” Explorable, July 2010, https://explorable.com/neolithic-astronomy.

  2. Bengt Ankarloo and Gustav Henningsen, Early Modern European Witchcraft: Centers and Peripheries (Oxford: Clarendon, 1993).

  3. Ippolito Edmondo Ferrario, “Triora, La Salem D’Italia,” InStoria, http://www.instoria.it/home/triora.htm.

  4. Heinrich Kramer and Jakob Sprenger, The Malleus Maleficarum of Heinrich Kramer and James Sprenger (New York: Dover Publications, 1971).

  5. Brian P. Levack, The Witchcraft Sourcebook (London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2004).

  6. Brian P. Levack, The Witch-hunt in Early Modern Europe (Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2016).

  7. H. C. Erik Midelfort, Witch Hunting in Southwestern Germany: 1562-1684, the Social and Intellectual Foundations (Stanford: Calif., Stanford UP, 1972).

  8. D. Moretti, Angels or Demons? Interactions and Borrowings between Folk Traditions, Religion and Demonology in Early Modern Italian Witchcraft Trials, Religions 2019, 10, 326.

  9. “Museo Di Triora: Etnografico e Della Stregoneria,” Museo Di Triora RSS2, http://www.museotriora.it.

  10. Ivan Pisoni, “For All the Witches of the Village of Triora.” e-Borghi, 29 Oct. 2017, https://www.e-borghi.com/en/curiosities/407/for-all-the-witches-of-the-village-of-triora.htm.

  11. Michele Rosi, Le Streghe di Triora in Liguria, Processi di Stregoneria e relative questioni giurisdizionali nella seconda metà del secolo XVI (Rome: Tipografia delle Mantellate, 1898).

  12. Guido Ruggiero, Binding Passions: Tales of Magic, Marriage and Power at the end of the Renaissance (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993).

  13. John Tedeschi, “THE ROMAN INQUISITION AND WITCHCRAFT: An Early Seventeenth-Century « Instruction » on Correct Trial Procedure,” Revue De L'histoire Des Religions, vol. 200, no. 2, 1983, pp. 163–188.

  14. Gary K. Waite, Heresy, Magic, and Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe (Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003).

  15. Jeffrey R. Watt, “Love Magic and the Inquisition: A Case from Seventeenth-Century Italy,” The Sixteenth Century Journal, vol. 41, no. 3, 2010, pp. 675–689.

  16. Jonathan B. Durrant, "WITCH-HUNTING IN EICHSTÄTT,” Witchcraft, Gender and Society in Early Modern Germany, 3-44, LEIDEN; (BOSTON: Brill, 2007).

Sources from Episode 139

  1. “How Thousands of Headstones Ended Up Under a Philadelphia Bridge,” CityLab, June 2012, https://www.citylab.com/design/2012/06/how-thousands-headstones-ended-under-philadelphia-bridge/2410.

  2. Anonymous. 1944. "Preliminary observations." Civilian Public Service. 8 28. Accessed 11/27/2019. http://civilianpublicservice.org/sites/default/files/sites/civilianpublicservice.org/files/documents/preliminary-observations.pdf.

  3. Kaczmarek, Dale. 2011. Fort Mifflin Investigation. Accessed 11/27/2019. http://www.ghostresearch.org/Investigations/mifflin.html.

  4. “Inside Philadelphia’s Byberry Mental Hospital House Of Horrors,” All That’s Interesting, December 2017, https://allthatsinteresting.com/byberry-mental-hospital.

  5. Matt Lake, Weird Pennsylvania: Your Travel Guide to Pennsylvania's Local Legends and Best Kept Secrets (New York, NY: Sterling Publishing Co., 2005).

  6. Jonathan D. Scott, The Woman in the Wilderness (Middleton Books, 2005).

  7. “Cemeteries,” Philadelphia Encyclopedia, 2014, https://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/cemeteries.

  8. Oordt, Darcy. 2015. Haunted Philadelphia: Famous Phantoms, Sinister Sites, and Lingering Legends. Rowan & Littlefield.

  9. “Perpetual Motion Machines: Working Against Physical Laws,” Live Science, August 2016, https://www.livescience.com/55944-perpetual-motion-machines.html.

  10. "Convicts Fare Better Than Insane,” The Philadelphia Record, May 9, 1946.

  11. J.P. Webster, The Philadelphia State Hospital at Byberry: A History of Misery and Medicine (Arcadia Publishing, 2013).

Sources from Episode 138

  1. “Five Things to Know About the Diamond Sutra, the World’s Oldest Dated Printed Book,” Smithsonian Magazine, May 2016, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/Five-things-to-know-about-diamond-sutra-worlds-oldest-dated-printed-book-180959052/.

  2. “Joan Wright, Surry’s Witch,” Surry County, VA Historical Society, January 2019, https://surrycountyvahistory.org/articles/2019/1/22/joan-wright-surrys-witch.

  3. Bengt Ankarloo and Gustav Henningsen, Early Modern European Witchcraft: Centres and Peripheries (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2001).

  4. Jonathan Barry et al., Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe: Studies in Culture and Belief (Cambridge University Press, 2002).

  5. Anne Llewellyn Barstow, Witchcraze: a New History of the European Witch Hunts (San Francisco, CA: Pandora, 1995).

  6. Henderson, L. (2011), “Detestable slaves of the Devil: Changing ideas about witchcraft in sixteenth-century Scotland,” In E. A. Cowan & L. Henderson (Eds.), A History of Everyday Life in Medieval Scotland, 1000 to 1600 (Edinburgh University Press), pp. 226-253.

  7. Lizanne Henderson, Witchcraft and Folk Belief in the Age of Enlightenment Scotland, 1670–1740 (Palgrave MacMillan, 2016).

  8.  James Newes from Scotland, Declaring the Damnable Life and Death of Doctor Fian a Notable Sorcerer, Who Was Burned at Edenbrough in Ianuary Last. 1591. Which Doctor Was Regester to the Diuell That Sundry Times Preached at North Barrick Kirke, to a Number of Notorious Witches. With the True Examination of the Saide Doctor and Witches, as They Vttered Them in the Presence of the Scottish King. Discouering How They Pretended to Bewitch and Drowne His Maiestie in the Sea Comming from Denmarke, with Such Other Wonderfull Matters as the like Hath Not Been Heard of at Any Time (London, 1591).

  9. Brian P. Levack, The Oxford Handbook of Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe and Colonial America (Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2014).

  10. Brian P. Levack, The Witchcraft Sourcebook (London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2004).

  11. Brian P. Levack, The Witch-hunt in Early Modern Europe (Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2016).

  12. Richard Kieckhefer, European Witch Trials Their Foundation in Popular and Learned Culture, 1300-1500 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976).

  13. George Lyman Kittredge, Witchcraft in Old and New England (New York: Atheneum, 1972).

  14. Heinrich Kramer and Jakob Sprenger, The Malleus Maleficarum of Heinrich Kramer and James Sprenger (New York: Dover Publications, 1971 edition).

  15. P. G. Maxwell-Stuart, Satan’s conspiracy: magic and witchcraft in sixteenth-century Scotland (Tuckwell Press, 2001).

  16. Hugh V. McLachlan and J. K. Swales, “Lord Hale, Witches and Rape,” British Journal of Law and Society, vol. 5, no. 2, 1978, pp. 251–261.

  17. Rossell Hope Robbins, The Encyclopedia of Witchcraft and Demonology (Girard & Stewart, 2015).

  18. James Stuart I, Daemonologie In Forme of a Dialogie Diuided into Three Bookes (Robert Walde-graue, Printer to the Kings Majestie, 1597).

  19. Frederick Valletta, Witchcraft, Magic and Superstition in England, 1640-70 (Ashgate, 2011).

Sources from Episode 137

  1. “The Eerie Story Behind the Small Town Everyone Is Flocking to for the Eclipse This Summer,” Country Living, Jul 21, 2017, https://www.countryliving.com/life/a44064/eclipseville-hopkinsville-ky-history.

  2. “History Lesson: Goblins of Hopkinsville,” Courier & Press, Aug 22, 2017, https://www.courierpress.com/story/life/columnists/2017/08/21/history-lesson-goblins-hopkinsville/104796526.

  3. “Hauntings, homeopathy, and the Hopkinsville Goblins: using pseudoscience to teach scientific thinking,” NCBI, Apr 17, 2014, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4028994.

  4. “The Great Horned Owl: A Magnificent Avian Apex Predator,” Owlcation, April 30, 2019, https://owlcation.com/stem/The-Great-Horned-Owl.

  5. Geraldine Sith, Alien Legacy (AuthorHouse, 2007), pp. 1, 22, 27, 34.

  6. “Spooky! Top 10 Unexplained Phenomena,” Live Science, Mar 24, 2016, https://www.livescience.com/11345-top-ten-unexplained-phenomena.html.

  7. “L.A. ‘Battle’ Launched a Golden Age of UFOs,” LA Times, Dec. 17, 2000, https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-dec-17-me-1259-story.html.

  8. “Story of Space-ship, 12 little men probed today,” The Kentucky New Era, Aug. 22, 1955. https://www.kentuckynewera.com/eclipse/article_fecf69ce-8611-11e7-beaf-0ffce93df895.html.

  9. “WWI submarine which was 'attacked by strange beast' found,” ITV, 19 October 2016, https://www.itv.com/news/border/2016-10-19/ww1-submarine-wreckage-found-off-stranraer-coast.

  10. “Terrifying Tales of Actual Monster Attacks,” Grunge, https://www.grunge.com/28562/terrifying-tales-actual-monster-attacks.

  11. “Experts move a step closer to uncovering the mystery of the German submarine ‘attacked by a sea monster’ in WWI,” Telegraph, https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/10/18/experts-move-a-step-closer-to-uncovering-the-mystery-of-the-germ.

  12. “Birds with spooky eyes mistaken for aliens in India,” Daily Mail, https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-5100143/Birds-spooky-eyes-mistaken-ALIENS-builders.html.

  13. “Sea Monster Vs. Submarine,” Mysterious Universe, February 10, 2015, https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2015/02/sea-monster-versus-submarine.

  14. “Life aboard WWII submarines was brutal,” We Are The Mighty, https://www.wearethemighty.com/articles/life-aboard-wwii-submarines-was-brutal.