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  2. “Anthony Wayne: Wayne State’s Namesake and Batman’s Ancestor.” Wayne State University. https://s.wayne.edu/eld/digital-stories/anthony-wayne-wayne-states-namesake-and-batmans-ancestor

  3. Armstrong, Catherine. “This South Carolina Legend Will Send Chills Down Your Spine.” Only in Your State. 11/21/2022. https://www.onlyinyourstate.com/south-carolina/legend-of-the-headless-sentry-sc

  4. Baltrusis, Sam. Ghosts of Cambridge: Haunts of Harvard Square and Beyond. Charleston: Haunted America, 2013. E-book.

  5. Blondino, Joseph R. “Meeting at Headquarters: Public Archeology at Valley Forge.” National Park Service. https://www.nps.gov/articles/public-archeology-at-valley-forge.htm

  6. “Boston’s Spookiest Places.” CBS Boston. 10/10/2017. https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/bostons-spookiest-places

  7. Brouwers, Josho. “Stele of the Vultures.” Ancient World Magazine. 8/14/2017. https://www.ancientworldmagazine.com/articles/stele-vultures

  8. Campana, Douglas V. and Crabtree, Pam J. “Soldiers’ Diet At Valley Forge: An Analysis of the Faunal Remains From the 2000 Excavation Season.” Bull. Florida Museum of Natural History. 2003. pp.199-204. https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Vol-44_199-204.pdf

  9. Cartwright, Mark. “Ancient Greek Warfare.” World History Encyclopedia. 3/27/2018. https://www.worldhistory.org/Greek_Warfare

  10. Cartwright, Mark. “Roman Warfare.” World History Encyclopedia. 10/22/2013. https://www.worldhistory.org/Roman_Warfare

  11. “The Centennial and Memorial Association of Valley Forge.” Valley Forge. The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995. National Park Service. https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/vafo/treese/treese2b.htm#:~:text=It%20is%20said%20that%20the,of%20a%20challenge%20and%20countersign

  12. “Cherokee War (1759-1761).” South Carolina Encyclopedia. https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/cherokee-war-1759-1761

  13. “Christ Church.” Cambridge and The American Revolution. https://historycambridge.org/Cambridge-Revolution/Christ%20Church.html

  14. Coulston, Jon. “Courage and Cowardice in the Roman Imperial Army.” War in History, January 2013, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp.7-31. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26098641?read-now=1&seq=10#page_scan_tab_contents

  15. Cserkits, Michael, PhD. “The Concept of War in Ancient Mesopotamia: Reshaping Carl Von Clausewitz’s Trinity.” Marine Corps University Press. 1/4/2022. https://www.usmcu.edu/Outreach/Marine-Corps-University-Press/Expeditions-with-MCUP-digital-journal/The-Concept-of-War-in-Ancient-Mesopotamia

  16. Dimuro, Claudia. “Does the Fighting Spirit of General ‘Mad’ Anthony Wayne Still Haunt PA.?” PENN Live. 10/31/2022. https://www.pennlive.com/life/2022/10/does-the-fighting-spirit-of-general-mad-anthony-wayne-still-haunt-pa.html

  17. “Francis Marion.” American Battlefield Trust. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/francis-marion

  18. Getty, Katie Turner. “Prisoners of War.” Journal of the American Revolution. 1/10/2019. https://allthingsliberty.com/2019/01/death-had-almost-lost-its-sting-disease-on-the-prison-ship-jersey

  19. “The Ghost of Wedgefield Plantation.” Wedgefield Plantation. http://wedgefield.squarespace.com/the-ghost-story

  20. “Haunting Encounters With Revolutionary Ghouls.” American Battlefield Trust. 10/20/2020. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/head-tilting-history/haunting-encounters-revolutionary-ghouls

  21. History.com Editors. “Valley Forge.” HISTORY. A&E Television Networks. Updated 6/21/2023. https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/valley-forge

  22. Horry, Peter, and Weems, Mason Locks. The Life of Gen. Francis Marion, A Celebrated Partisan Officer in the Revolutionary War Against the British and Tories In South Carolina and Georgia. Philadelphia: Joseph Allen, 1852. https://archive.org/details/lifegeneralfran00horrgoog/page/n108/mode/2up

  23. Lambert, Paddy. “The Gladiatorial Eagles: Roman Heroism and Single Combat on Early Battlefields. Part One—Beginnings.” Heritage Daily. 3/1/2012. https://www.heritagedaily.com/2012/03/the-gladiatorial-eagles-roman-heroism-and-single-combat-on-early-battlefields-part-one-beginnings/27878

  24. Mark, Joshua J. “Mesopotamian Warfare.” World History Encyclopedia. 2/13/2023. https://www.worldhistory.org/Mesopotamian_Warfare

  25. “Middlesex, SS.” Dunlap and Claypoole’s American Daily Advertiser. 7/9/1778, pp. 2-3. https://www.newspapers.com/image/1034012989/?terms=Lieutenant%20Richard%20Brown

  26. “Saragoga.” American Battlefield Trust. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/saratoga

  27. “Saratoga Surrender Site.” National Park Service. https://www.nps.gov/places/saratoga-surrender-site.htm

  28. Schenawolf, Harry. “Best Ghost Stories of the American Revolution.” Revolutionary War Journal. 11/4/2022. https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/best-ghost-stories-of-the-american-revolution

  29. Scott, Joseph C. “Anthony Wayne.” Mount Vernon. https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/anthony-wayne

  30. Sherry, Jeff. “A Halloween Story—The Death of Anthony Wayne.” Hagen History Center. 10/30/2020. https://www.eriehistory.org/blog/a-halloween-story-the-death-of-anthony-wayne

  31. Simms, W. Gilmore. The Life of Francis Marion. New York: J. & H. G. Langley, 1846. Digital. https://archive.org/details/lifeoffrancismar03simm/page/204/mode/2up

  32. Strickland, Jonathan. “What Was the First War?” How Stuff Works. Updated 11/3/2023. https://science.howstuffworks.com/invent-war.htm

  33. Texin, Cheryl. “Honor & Glory in the Iliad: Life After Death.” https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/21h-301-the-ancient-world-greece-fall-2004/1447f97ae9d1c36fb2b26ad4260bb734_pa1_iliad_rev_dn.pdf

  34. Thomsen, Paul A. “Guerilla Patriot: The Intelligence Gathering Efforts and the Battle Tactics of Francis Marion.” American Intelligence Journal, Vol. 21, No. ½, Twenty Fifth Anniversary Issue (Spring 2002), pp.61-65. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44327006?read-now=1&seq=5#page_scan_tab_contents

  35. “The Unsolved Mystery of Graves and Ghosts at Valley Forge.” UShistory.org. https://www.ushistory.org/valleyforge/history/vmyster.html#google_vignette

  36. Waldo, Albigence. “Valley Forge, 1777-1778. Diary of Surgeon Albigence Waldo, of the Connecticut Line.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, vol. 21, no. 3, 1897. pp.299-323. JSTOR. https://archive.org/details/jstor-20085750/page/n3/mode/2up

  37. “Warfare, Attitudes to (Greek and Hellenistic).” Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World. https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20111012190505609

  38. Washington, George. “Copy of a Letter From Gen. Washington, to Adm. Digby.” Jackson’s Oxford Journal. 9/28/1782, p.1. https://www.newspapers.com/image/396484006/?match=1&terms=prison%20ships

  39. Washington, George. “George Washington to [The Convention of New Hampshire] Valley Forge, [Pennsylvania], December 29, 1777.” The Gilder Lehrman Collection. https://www.gilderlehrman.org/sites/default/files/inline-pdfs/t-03706.pdf

  40. Watson, Robert P. The Ghost Ship of Brooklyn: An Untold Story of the American Revolution. New York: Da Capo Press, 2017. E-book.

  41. “Wayne Buried in Two Places.” Paoli Battlefield Preservation Fund. https://pbpfinc.org/wayne-buried-in-two-places

  42. Wilkins, Armonee. “HMS Jersey.” Fraunces Tavern Museum. https://www.frauncestavernmuseum.org/hms-jersey

  43. “Winter at Valley Forge.” American Battlefield Trust. 9/21/2017. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/winter-valley-forge